The nuclear accident at Chernobyl raised (Ukraine) for more than two decades is without doubt one of the greatest environmental disasters in history. However, recently experienced events in Japan have been alarmed at the possibility of another nuclear disaster related to the Fukushima Nuclear Power Station, mainly due to the implications que tendría sobre la salud pública y ambiental producto de la liberación de radioactividad en el medio ambiente.
La central nuclear de Fukushima tiene seis reactores, de los cuales, cuatro principales de ellos resultaron fuertemente dañados por los desastres ocurridos la semana pasada afectando principalmente sus sistemas de refrigeración, lo que derivó en el recalentamiento de las barras del combustible nuclear, provocando las filtraciones de radiación.
El mayor riesgo de contaminación que se presenta ahora es debido al calentamiento de las instalaciones y la posible fusión extendida del núcleo de los reactores, lo que generaría emisiones catastrophic radiation to the environment. At the core of a reactor there is more than fifty pollutants, of which the most dangerous, some are short-lived as the iodine-131 and other living longer and the Strontium-90 and cesium-137.
impacts on public health and environment caused by the most significant excess of radiation are cancer, leukemia, burns, extreme, genetic mutations, temporary or permanent sterility, necrosis of the skin and internal tissues, destruction of bone marrow, decreased immune system, among other various injuries. While the most sensitive environmental potential danger would be high biological concentration of radioactive substances along food chains. This will produce an indirect radioactive contamination over a period through the sediments in aquatic environments, air and land would generate a chain reaction on the ecosystems that would endanger human biological diversity, animal and plant.
The potential threat caused by the ravages of nature in Japan and encumbrances on the Fukushima Nuclear Power Station have been the world look the evidence of one of the major potential impacts resulting from the use of a nuclear power plant . According to information reported in the web of WNA World Nuclear Association, there are about 440 nuclear plants in 30 countries of the world that cause 14% of worldwide electricity.
It makes sense that these plants are spread in many countries that sought besides reducing their energy costs, paradoxically, as a measure of environmental protection, reducing emissions of GHGs (greenhouse gases). Undoubtedly, the various alternative energy such as solar, wind, geothermal, hydroelectric, among others, also generate negative environmental impacts. However, the important thing when deciding which energy technology to adopt, is to weigh the ability to manage these impacts through preventive measures, safety and mitigation analyzed all the possible scenarios so that "the cure is not more expensive than the disease."
By the way, is now three tasks: first to control and isolate the affected area to evacuate the residents closest , second and product of lessons learned invigorating energy policies and global security and finally all as citizens to adopt and use practices of healthy consumption and energy saving.
By: Elizabeth prayed N.
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