Water is a renewable natural resource essential to life, vulnerable and strategic approach to sustainable development, the maintenance of natural systems and cycles that underpin it and the security of the nation, according to article 1, the Water Resources Act, Act No. 29338. The Article 2 does not say that water is the Nation's heritage, his mastery of it is inalienable and indefeasible. It is a good public use and management can only be granted and exercised in harmony with the common good, environmental protection and the interests of the nation. Finally, this article tells us that there is no private ownership of water.
Water Resources Act, Act No. 29338, Article 35 ° recognizes the following types of water use:
Water Resources Act, Act No. 29338, Article 35 ° recognizes the following types of water use:
1. Primary use.
2. Using population.
3. Productive use
whereas the priority for the grant and exercise of the uses described above follow that order.
The primary use, says the Act, is direct and effective use of it, in the natural sources and public water channels, in order to satisfy elementary human needs. Involves the use of water for food preparation, direct consumption and personal hygiene; and their use in cultural ceremonies, religious rituals.
The primary use of water does not require administrative approval and is exercised by the single provision of the Act is harmless to the environment and others, not for profit and freely exercised by persons under his own responsibility, restricted only a manual means and conditioned not to affect the water sources in the quantity and quality, without compromising the water-related goods.
The State guarantees free access to natural sources and public artificial channel, without disturbing them and preventing pollution, to directly meet the primary needs of the population. The National Water Authority, ANA, fixed, if necessary, places or open access areas.
use catchment population is the water source or public network, properly treated, in order to meet basic human needs: food preparation and personal hygiene habits. Exerted by water-use rights granted by the National Water Authority.
The State guarantees all persons the right of access to potable water in sufficient quantity and in safety and quality to meet personal and domestic needs.
Article 80 of the Law on Water Resources Law No. 29338 states that any dumping of wastewater in a natural source water required for approval of dumping, for which purpose must submit the necessary liquid waste pre-treatment, whether the conditions of the receiver allow the natural processes of purification.
Water is the main cause for concern at present due to the effect that triggering the phenomenon of climate change, noting the scarcity of this resource in the coming years. Because this is that it is necessary to generate a new water culture that focuses on best practices regarding the use of this resource is to use population or for different activities. But talking about the new culture of water means paying attention to the education sector current.
is why Article 88 of the Law on Water Resources Law No. 29338 provides that the National Water Authority promotes the inclusion in the regular curriculum subjects Education Sector to Culture and assessment of water resources, its efficient use and preservation and increase.
Below is a table of rules relating to water and water resources including both maximum allowable standards (LMP) and Environmental Quality Standards (ECA).
| Standard | Name | Date |
| Law No. 29,338 | Water Act | March 23, 2009 |
| Law No. 28,608 | Amendment Act Emergency Declaration Environmental Mantaro River Basin | October 3, 2005 |
| Law No. 28,082 | Law declared environmental emergency Mantaro River Basin | October 2, 2003 |
| Law No. 26,338 | General Law of Sanitation Services | July 24, 1994 |
| Legislative Decree No. 1081 | National Water Resources System | June 28, 2008 |
| Legislative Decree No. 1083 | Legislative Decree promotes the efficient use and conservation of water resources | September 25 2008 |
| Supreme Decree 010-2010-MINAM | PEL liquid effluent discharges metal mining activities | August 20, 2010 |
| Supreme Decree No. 001-2010-AG | Regulation of the Law on Water Resources | March 24, 2010 |
| Supreme Decree No. 003-2010-MINAM | Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL) for effluent treatment plants Domestic Wastewater and Municipal | March 16, 2010 |
| Supreme Decree 023-2009-MINAM | Implementing Provisions of National Environmental Quality Standards (ECA) Water | December 18, 2009 |
| Decree Supreme N ° 021-2008-AG | Regulation of the National Water Resources | September 25, 2008 |
| Supreme Decree No. 002-2008-MINAM | National Standards Environmental Quality (ECA) Water | July 30, 2008 |
| Supreme Decree 037-2008-PCM | Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL) for Liquid Effluent Oil Subsector | May 13, 2008 |
| Supreme Decree N ° 010 -2008-PRODUCE | Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL) of effluent for industry fish meal and oil and Supplementary Rules | April 28, 2008 |
| Supreme Decree No. 003-2002 -PRODUCE | permissible limits and Reference Values \u200b\u200bfor industrial activities cement, beer, tanning and paper. | October 3, 2002 |
| Supreme Decree No. 09-95-PRES | Regulation of the General Law of Sanitation Services | August 25, 1995 |
| Resolution Departmental No. 0351-2009-ANA | Modify granting permission for the dumping of sewage | June 26, 2009 |
| Resolution Departmental No. 0291-2009, ANA | dictate provisions relating to the granting of permission of discharge and reuse of treated wastewater | June 1, 2009 |
| Resolution Jefatural N º 202-2010-ANA | Approve classification surface water and marine - coastal | March 22, 2010 |
| Resolution N º 014-2003-PRODUCE-DINAMA | Approved Orientation Guide Plan Update Environmental Management | October 30, 2003 |
| Ministerial Resolution N º 026-2000-DM-ITINCI | Approved ProtocolsEffluent Monitoring and Atmospheric Emissions | February 23, 2000 |
| Directorial Resolution No. | 008-97-EM/DGAAmaximum permissible levels for liquid effluents products the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity | March 13, 1997 |
| Ministerial Resolution No. 011-06-EM-VMM | maximum permissible levels for liquid effluents metal mining | January 10, 1996 |
| Standard OS | 080 Minimum requirements for the pumping stations of wastewater | June 8, 2010 |
By: Dante J. Garcia
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